标题: Mechanisms of the Ammonium Sulfate Roasting of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

作者: Qu, X (Qu, Xin); Tang, YQ (Tang, Yiqi); Li, MT (Li, Mengting); Liu, DX (Liu, DongXu); Gao, SB (Gao, Shuaibo); Yin, HY (Yin, Huayi)

来源出版物: GLOBAL CHALLENGES DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202200053 提前访问日期: NOV 2022

摘要: Ammonium sulfate ((NH4)(2)SO4) assisted roasting has been proven to be an effective way to convert spent lithium-ion battery cathodes to water-soluble salts. Herein, thermogravimetric (TG) experiments are performed to analyze the mechanism of the sulfation conversion process. First, the reaction activation energies of the sulfate-assisted roasting are 88.87 and 95.27 kJ mol(-1), which are calculated by Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) methods, respectively. Then, nucleation and growth are determined and verified as the sulfation reaction model by the Satava-Sestak method. Finally, sub-reactions of the sulfation process are investigated and reaction controlling mechanisms are determined by the contribution of sub-reaction. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis, the phase boundary reaction is found to dominate in the initial step of the roasting process (alpha < 0.6) while the nucleation reaction controlls the following step (alpha > 0.6), agreeing well with changing trend of activation energy. Overall, thermogravimetric analysis is a general way to study the mechanism of the various roasting processes.

作者关键词: ammonium sulfate roasting; mechanisms; recovering; Satava-Sestak method; spent lithium-ion batteries

地址: [Qu, Xin; Gao, Shuaibo; Yin, Huayi] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, 299 Bayi Rd, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.

[Tang, Yiqi; Li, Mengting; Liu, DongXu; Yin, Huayi] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.

通讯作者地址: Yin, HY (通讯作者)，Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, 299 Bayi Rd, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.

Yin, HY (通讯作者)，Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.

电子邮件地址: yinhuayi@whu.edu.cn

影响因子：5.135